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5
c. CPU Bound Versus Memory Bound
Reviewing the results in Tables 1 and 2, it is help-
ful to summarize which system component is limiting
the conguration.
Memory-bound congurations have memory as the
limiting component. If the system had more memory,
more VMs could be added. CPU-bound congura-
tions have the CPU(s) as the limiting component. If
it were possible to use a faster CPU or add more
CPUs, more VMs could be added. The following ta-
ble shows the tested congurations.
Model GB RAM
Recommended
Maximum VMs
Memory Bound CPU Bound
A1010
2GB 3 Yes No
3GB 5 Yes No
4GB 6 Yes No
R2200
4GB 7 Yes No
6GB 12 Yes No
8GB 15 No Yes
Table 5. Memory-Bound vs. CPU-Bound Considerations
In the table, the majority of the congurations are
memory bound. For the A1010, as more memory
is added to the 2 GB conguration, the system can
support more VMs. When the system is fully con-
gured with 4 GB, memory is still the limitation. In
the A1010, CPU is not a limiting factor; it can easily
handle 6 VMs with a typical ofce-worker load.
In the R2200, the 4GB conguration is memory
bound. The two 3.2 GHz Xeon CPUs easily handle
the load of seven VMs. As 2 GB is added to the con-
guration, memory is still the limiting factor and the
CPUs are not used to capacity. However, as the
R2200 reaches its maximum limit at 8 GB with 15
VMs, memory is still a factor and the two CPUs are
running at a high capacity. At this point the CPUs are
the limiting factor. (Find the actual memory and CPU
limitation measurements at the end of this paper.)
Table 5 shows the maximized CPU threshold in the
R2200 with 8 GB and 15 or more VMs. Beyond 15
VMs, the CPUs become a limiting factor. If you add
more VMs, system responsiveness is denitely de-
creased.
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